Blaine, who plays high school football, considers himself to be both athletic and shy. When he attends a pep rally for the football team, he is more likely to view himself as athletic because his immediate experience and environment make that the most relevant self-description. Blaine’s view of himself as athletic at the pep rally is an example of:

When Tori was asked whether she considered herself smart, she immediately answered “Yes, of course.” Tori’s ability to answer this question about herself effortlessly and automatically suggests that:

The dark triad of personality traits includes all of the following EXCEPT:

When Joe did really well on his first sales presentation, he said it was because he worked hard on it. When he did poorly on his second sales presentation, he said it was because the computer and projector were not working properly. Joe’s explanations about his two sales presentations reveal a:

temporal comparison

At  volleyball practice, Teal compares herself to a teammate who has been playing far longer than Teal has. This comparison is a(n)                   social comparison and will likely                  Teal’s self-esteem.

upward; decrease

Ken wants to watch a new movie that’s still in theaters but does not want to buy a ticket to go see it. He knows that he can find it online and download it for free, but he also knows that doing so is illegal. Ken wants to illegally watch the movie but knows it is wrong. According to psychodynamic theory, Ken has a conflict between his                   and                 .

Derek’s dad demands that Derek play catch with him. When Derek drops the ball, his dad tells him that he is useless unless he can be a good athlete. According to humanistic approaches to personality, Derek’s dad is creating             for his son.

Josh, who is generally quiet and reserved, seldom raises his hand to answer the teacher’s questions in class. However, while attending after-school tutoring with only one other student, Josh is more open to talking about the content with the teacher and his classmate. The idea that Josh’s behavior changes based on the environment he is in can be explained with the theory of personality called:

Trait theories, such as the five-factor theory, are important because they:

Which of the following is not an aspect of temperament?

Igor tend to cry and become frightened easily. Even small changes in his environment can scare him. Researchers would say that Igor is high on the              aspect of temperament.

Tom was hungry, so he went to a fast-food restaurant. He did not have any money, so when a young girl left her burger unattended, Tom quickly grabbed her burger and left. According to the psychodynamic theory of personality, his actions were most likely driven by his:

Janie is high on the openness to experience dimension of personality. She likes to skydive and travel to exotic destinations. As she gets older, she may be less likely to skydive, but she may still enjoy unusual vacations. This change in Janie’s typical activities is due to:

a basic tendency

Jaren is an identical twin adopted into a family that is different from his biological family. When Jared is an adult, his personality should most resemble his: